Targeting Acidic Microenvironments: A new paradigm for analgesic therapy
NFEPP Development
External Validation in Multiple Independent Laboratories
Spahn et al. Science 2017; Jimenez-Vargas et al. Gut 2022;
Baamonde et al. Sci Rep 2020; Degro et al. PAIN 2023
Addiction Studies Using Place Preference Model
Spahn et al. Science 2017
Monitoring Major Opioid Side Effects
Jimenez-Vargas et al. Gut 2022; Degro et al. PAIN 2023
Watch how fentanyl causes anxiety by stimulating the brain (addiction potential). In contrast, the saline injected mouse and the one receiving our prototype analgesic NFEPP (same analgesic dose as fentanyl) show no signs. Three things to watch for:
- The fentanyl mouse appears agitated and is constantly running, whereas the saline and NFEPP mice are relaxed and stop to explore or groom.
- The fentanyl mouse clings to the perimeter of the enclosure while the saline and NFEPP mice explore the center.
- The tail of the fentanyl mouse is unnaturally arched over its back, in contrast to the relaxed tails of the other two mice.